Optical diode: Photodiode Photoreceptor Tube
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Optical diode or "Photodiode" is "a type of semiconductor diode that converts photons into electrical charge according to the photoelectric effect". The photons can be in the visible, infrared, ultraviolet, X-ray, and gamma-ray spectrum regions. When the photon penetrates the active layer of the photodiode, which is the p-n junction or the PIN structure, an electrical charge is generated, which gives rise to an electric current. Depending on the manufacturing method, this current is small and the photodiode is used as a photon sensor, or the current is large enough to serve as a power source like in a solar cell.
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